Battery Monitoring & Management System Using Arduino
Introduction
A Battery Monitoring & Management System (BMS) is crucial for ensuring the efficiency, safety, and longevity of rechargeable batteries. This Arduino-based BMS continuously monitors battery voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge (SOC) to prevent overcharging, deep discharging, and overheating. It provides real-time data visualization, making it ideal for applications like solar power systems, electric vehicles, and UPS systems.
Components Used
- Arduino Uno/Nano – The core microcontroller for processing data.
- Voltage Sensor (ZMPT101B/Voltage Divider Circuit) – Measures battery voltage.
- Current Sensor (ACS712) – Detects battery charging/discharging current.
- Temperature Sensor (DS18B20/LM35) – Monitors battery temperature.
- OLED/LCD Display – Shows battery status in real-time.
- Relay Module – Controls charging/discharging based on battery health.
- Buzzer & LED Indicators – Alerts for critical battery conditions.
- SD Card Module (Optional) – Logs battery data for analysis.
How It Works
- Voltage & Current Monitoring – Sensors detect battery voltage and current.
- Temperature Monitoring – The system ensures the battery is operating within safe temperature limits.
- Overcharge/Over-discharge Protection – When voltage reaches unsafe levels, the relay disconnects the battery.
- Data Display & Alerts – The display shows real-time battery status, and alerts are triggered for unsafe conditions.
- Logging & Analysis – Data can be stored on an SD card for performance analysis.
Key Features
✔️ Real-Time Battery Health Monitoring – Prevents damage due to overcharging/discharging.
✔️ Automatic Protection Mechanism – Relays cut off the supply when needed.
✔️ Energy Efficiency Optimization – Extends battery lifespan.
✔️ Data Logging & Visualization – Tracks performance trends.
✔️ User Alerts & Notifications – Warns about battery issues.
Applications
✅ Solar Power Systems – Ensures stable power supply.
✅ Electric Vehicles (EVs) – Monitors battery health for optimal performance.
✅ Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) – Prevents system failures.
✅ Industrial Battery Packs – Enhances efficiency in large battery systems.
This Arduino-based BMS provides an intelligent and cost-effective way to monitor, protect, and manage batteries, ensuring reliable performance and extended battery life. 🔋⚡
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