Ultrasonic Radar Using Arduino

The Ultrasonic Radar using Arduino is a fascinating project that simulates a basic radar system using affordable electronic components. It is designed to detect the presence, distance, and direction of nearby objects using an ultrasonic sensor, a servo motor, and an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The radar interface is visualized on a computer screen using the Processing IDE, providing a real-time graphical representation of detected objects.

The core of the system is the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, which sends out sound waves and measures the time it takes for the echo to return after hitting an object. This allows the Arduino to calculate the distance to the object accurately. The sensor is mounted on a servo motor, which rotates it in a sweeping motion (typically 0° to 180°), mimicking the behavior of a real radar antenna.

The Arduino collects angle and distance data and sends it via serial communication to the computer. The Processing software reads this data and displays it as a radar screen, with moving lines and plotted points representing detected obstacles. The system updates in real-time, giving users a visual sense of object movement or presence in a semicircular field.