Underground Cable Fault Detection using Arduino and GSM

Introduction

Underground cables are widely used for power transmission, but detecting faults in them can be challenging. The Underground Cable Fault Detection System using Arduino and GSM is designed to locate faults in underground cables accurately and transmit the fault location via SMS alerts. This system helps in quick maintenance and reduces downtime in power distribution networks.

Components Used

• Arduino Uno – Processes sensor data and controls the system.
• Resistor Network (Fault Simulation) – Represents cable sections to detect voltage changes due to faults.
• Voltage Sensors – Measures variations in voltage drop along the cable.
• LCD Display (16×2) – Shows real-time fault location in kilometers.
• GSM Module (SIM800L/SIM900A) – Sends SMS alerts with fault location.
• Buzzer – Alerts when a fault is detected.

How It Works

1. Voltage Measurement – The system applies a low-voltage DC signal across the cable network.
2. Fault Detection – If there is a break or short circuit, the voltage drop changes.
3. Location Calculation – The Arduino calculates the exact fault location based on voltage variation and displays it on the LCD.
4. SMS Alert – The GSM module sends an SMS with the fault location to maintenance personnel for quick repair.

Key Features

✔️ Accurate Fault Detection – Identifies short circuit, open circuit, and resistive faults.
✔️ Real-Time Monitoring – Displays fault location instantly on LCD.
✔️ Automatic SMS Alerts – Sends fault location details to technicians.
✔️ Reduces Downtime – Speeds up repair process, minimizing power disruptions.
✔️ Cost-Effective & Efficient – Uses low-power components and is easy to implement.

Applications

✅ Electric Power Distribution – Helps in identifying faults in underground power cables.
✅ Telecommunication Networks – Detects issues in fiber optic cables.
✅ Industrial Applications – Ensures smooth operation in factories and automation plants.
✅ Smart Cities – Contributes to modern, efficient electrical grids.

This Arduino-based Underground Cable Fault Detection System offers a smart and automated solution for cable fault detection, making maintenance faster, easier, and more reliable. ⚡📡