The Fire Alarm using a Thermistor detects temperature changes. As heat rises, the thermistor’s resistance drops, triggering the alarm. It’s a simple, cost-effective way to enhance safety in homes and offices by providing early warnings of potential fire hazards.

The Temperature Indicator using LM35 and IC741 project measures and displays temperature values. The LM35 temperature sensor provides an analog voltage proportional to the temperature, which is fed into the IC741 operational amplifier. The IC741 amplifies and processes the voltage signal, allowing it to be read on a display or analog meter. This project demonstrates analog temperature measurement and signal conditioning using commonly available electronic components.

The Solar Street Light project utilizes solar panels to power street lights, providing sustainable and energy-efficient lighting. The system includes a solar panel to charge a battery during the day, a battery to store energy, and an LED or lamp to illuminate the street at night. An automatic controller or light sensor ensures the light turns on at dusk and off at dawn, offering a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for street lighting.

A Monostable Multivibrator circuit using the IC 555 timer generates a single pulse of fixed duration in response to an input trigger. It converts a short input pulse into a longer output pulse, making it ideal for timing applications, pulse width modulation, and creating time delays in electronic circuits.

The Astable Multivibrator using IC 555 creates a continuous square wave output, functioning as an oscillator. Configured with resistors and capacitors, the 555 timer generates a periodic signal used for applications like blinking LEDs or generating clock pulses. This project demonstrates the timer’s capability to produce adjustable frequency waveforms.