Light Following Robot using Arduino and LDR Sensor

The Light Following Robot is a fascinating Arduino-based robotics project that uses Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs) to detect light intensity and guide the robot toward a light source. It’s an excellent beginner project to explore sensor-based navigation, robotics, and analog signal processing using Arduino.

The robot is built on a chassis with two DC motors, controlled by an L298N motor driver and an Arduino Uno. It is equipped with two or more LDR sensors positioned at the front of the robot. These LDRs detect light intensity and provide analog input to the Arduino. Based on which LDR senses more light, the Arduino sends commands to the motor driver to turn the robot in that direction.

If the light is stronger on the left, the robot turns left; if it’s stronger on the right, it turns right. If both LDRs detect equal light, the robot moves forward. This behavior simulates how some insects are attracted to light, also known as phototaxis.