IOT based Automatic Accident Avoiding Car using Arduino

This project presents an IoT-based Automatic Accident Avoiding Car using an Arduino microcontroller, designed to enhance road safety through obstacle detection and smart decision-making. The system uses ultrasonic sensors to continuously monitor the surroundings for nearby obstacles. When an object is detected within a critical range, the Arduino instantly stops or diverts the car to avoid a collision.

Additionally, the system integrates an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module to send real-time data or alerts to a cloud platform or mobile app, allowing for remote tracking and monitoring of the vehicle’s safety status.

This intelligent vehicle safety system can be implemented in autonomous cars, robotic vehicles, and smart transportation systems to reduce the risk of accidents and ensure safe navigation.

2. Objective

• To design a smart car that can detect obstacles using sensors and avoid accidents automatically.

• To send real-time data and alerts to a remote server or mobile app using IoT.

• To improve vehicle safety through autonomous decision-making and monitoring.

3. Components Required

• Arduino Uno or Nano

• Ultrasonic Sensors (HC-SR04)

• Motor Driver Module (L298N)

• DC Motors with Wheels

• ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module (NodeMCU can also be used)

• Chassis and Power Supply (Battery Pack)

• Buzzer/LED (for alerts)

• Jumper wires and Breadboard

4. Working Principle

1. Ultrasonic sensors are mounted on the front (and optionally sides) of the vehicle to detect obstacles.

2. The Arduino constantly receives distance readings from the sensors.

3. If an obstacle is detected within a pre-defined minimum range (e.g., 20 cm), the Arduino takes action by:

   • Stopping the car

   • Changing direction to avoid the obstacle

   • Triggering an alert via buzzer or LED

4. The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module transmits data (obstacle detection event, location if GPS added) to a cloud platform or mobile application for remote monitoring.

5. Applications

• Autonomous robotic vehicles

• Smart cars and driver-assist systems

• Delivery robots and smart carts

• Educational robotics and research projects

6. Advantages

• Real-time obstacle detection and automatic response

• IoT-based alert system for remote tracking

• Increases road and robotic system safety

• Simple, low-cost, and scalable

• Can be integrated with advanced systems like GPS and cameras

7. Future Scope

• Integration with GPS for location tracking of accident-prone areas

• Use of machine learning for smarter obstacle recognition

• Voice alerts or SMS notifications

• Camera-based object recognition

• Integration with self-driving car platforms

8. Conclusion

The IoT-Based Accident Avoiding Car using Arduino offers a low-cost and practical approach to improving vehicular safety using sensor technology and IoT. It is ideal for small-scale autonomous systems and can be scaled further for advanced applications in real-world transportation systems.