Step Down Transformer

A step-down transformer is an essential electrical device used to decrease (step down) voltage levels from high to low while proportionally increasing the current. This project explores the working principle and applications of a step-down transformer, comprising two windings: the primary and secondary coils.

In this setup, an AC voltage is applied to the primary coil, which generates a magnetic field. This varying magnetic field induces a voltage in the secondary coil. Since the secondary coil has fewer turns than the primary, the output voltage is lower. The transformation ratio is determined by the turn ratio between the two coils.

Step-down transformers are widely used in power distribution systems to deliver safe voltage levels to homes and businesses. They are also found in low-voltage devices like chargers and adapters. This project provides practical insights into energy conversion, electromagnetic principles, and the role of transformers in electrical systems.